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Cmake tutorial c8/4/2023 ![]() Now let us create a directory for source filesĬMakeLists.txt contains a set of directives and instructions describing the project's source files and targets (executable, library, or both). We then create a directory for the project We'll start working from the home directory, so we Since we'll be using CMake with gcc- GNU project C and C++ compiler,- we also need to install g++: ![]() Since we'll be using CMake to generate Makefiles and build them using Make, we need to install Make: The tutorial should be applicable to other Linux systems, possibly with minor modifications. In this tutorial we demonstrate how to set up and build an (admittedly very simple) project using CMake on an Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS system. So if you have a platform-independent project, CMake is a way to make it build system-independent as well.Īccording to Lars Knoll's Technical vision for Qt 6,ĬMake is by far the most widely used build system in the C++ world, and better integration with it is sorely needed. CMake can produce Makefiles, Ninja build files, KDEvelop or Xcode projects, and Visual Studio solutions from the same starting point-the same CMakeLists.txt file. Whereas Make is a build system, which drives the compiler and other build tools to build your code, CMake is a generator of build systems. The suite of CMake tools were created by Kitware in response to the need for a powerful, cross-platform build environment for open-source projects such as ITK and VTK.ĬMake is part of Kitware's collection of commercially supported open-source platforms for software development. CMake is used to control the software compilation process using simple platform and compiler independent configuration files, and generate native makefiles and workspaces that can be used in the compiler environment of your choice. To properly build, debug and test the project, search for the following extensions and install them.CMake is an open-source, cross-platform family of tools designed to build, test, and package software. Open VSCodium and navigate to the Extensions tab. First, go to their website and download the latest installation package for your system. If you haven't already experience with VSCodium or VS Code, this example project is a good starting point. ![]() With the information available in the CMakeLists.txt, IDEs like VSCodium can configure the build system accordingly. We also specify the scope of this property to be of type INTERFACE: This means that the property will only affect build targets that link against this library, not the library itself. With the statement target_include_directories(.), we add the current subdirectory to the search path for header files for other build targets. With add_library(.) we define a new build target: The static Generator library. Producer.cpp int main(int argc, char** argv)) In the main() function of our executable, we just process the input parameter and exit the program if no one value (or a value that can't be processed) is provided. Our sample program is a simple command-line tool: It takes an integer as an argument and outputs numbers randomly shuffled in the range from one to the provided input value. In addition, the configuration described in the CMakeLists.txt can be read by many editors like QtCreator, VSCodium/VSCode, or Visual Studio. When CMake processes this file, it automatically detects the installed compilers on your systems and creates a working Makefile. ![]() This information gets made available to CMake in the file CMakeLists.txt using a special description language. At a high altitude, you define the individual parts of your project (executables, libraries), compiling options (C/C++ standard, optimizations, architecture), the dependencies (header, libraries), and the project structure on file level. What sounds simple at first glance can be pretty complex at second glance. Why CMake?ĬMake is a build system generator that creates the Makefile for your project. I've tested the steps described in this article. As usual, the related example code is available on GitHub. In this article, I will prepare a C/C++ build system based on CMake and VSCodium. Aside from that, it will be easier for you to get others involved in your project. If you build up your project from the beginning on a powerful toolchain, you will benefit from a faster and safer development. This article is part of a series about open source DevOps tools for C/C++ development. ![]()
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